Correlation and causation

In this blog we are going to know about the Correlation and causation, also you can see Sample Correlation Coefficient for more information .Sometimes students does not differentiate both the terms and they relate these two terms in same manner but there is a basic difference between these two terms that are defined as follows. As if we talk about the linear correlation it will be define as the relationship between two or more things that are mutually defined but when we talk about the causation then it will be define as the effect produced by some thing.
In simple word if we talk about the correlation it is an action or sometimes occurrence that can cause the another action or occurrence and it is define as causation and when one thing is relate with another thing it will be define as correlation as an example smoking can cause cancer the it will be explained as the causation and when the things such as smoking is related with alcoholism is known as correlation. You can also use this resource.
N mathematical terms if there are relation between two or more variables then this relationship will be measured quantitatively in terms of coefficient of correlation that is also known as Galton's correlation coefficient .Expression of correlation coefficient = ∑X ' Y ' / n s _x s _y that is define as the ratio between the average product of derivatives of terms X and Y to the product of their standard deviation) . there are several types correlation that define the relation between two or more than two variables in which one of them is Pearson's correlation that is define as the ratio of the standard deviation of the mean values of terms X for each value of Y to the total standard deviation of term X ).

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Correlation and causation

Correlation and causation for Grade XI of AP secondary school education board:
To understand Correlation and causation let’s have a glance at the following example related to Correlation and causation.
• When ice cream sales increase, the rate of drowning deaths increases too in accordance with increase in the sales of ice creams.
Conclusion: ice cream consumption causes drowning deaths.
Explanation: ice cream sales increases during the summer time not in cold and in summer time people are also involved in the water related activities like swimming etc. Thus drowning deaths happen due to more exposure to water based activities not because of ice cream. Thus the conclusion is false.
Linear Correlation versus causation:
There is a great confusion between Correlation and causation. It can be specified easily. An event can cause another event like smoking causes lung cancer and it can be correlated with another factor like smoking is also co related with alcoholism. If the occurrence of the event causes another event then definitely they are co related but it’s not necessary that if occurrence of two things is together one will always cause the other. Basically it’s difficult to establish causality between two correlated events. Like in the above example smoking not only correlates with lung cancer but it causes lung cancer.
Most effective method of defining causality is the controlled study in which two groups of people are given two different sets of experiences (remind that these groups of people chosen are same in most of the ways) like one group decides to watch opera soaps and other watches video shows and then the outcome of these groups is compared. If outcomes of both the groups are different then it is believed that the different experiences of the groups would have caused different outcomes.

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